九月玉米满月恰逢月全食:观测指南

九月玉米满月恰逢月全食:观测指南

2025-09-08Science
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金姐
早上好,老王!我是金姐,欢迎收听专为您打造的 Goose Pod。今天是9月8日,星期一。今天我们请到了一位特别嘉宾,哎哟喂,这位可了不得!
李白
幸会,幸会。在下李白。今朝有幸与金姐对酌,共话天穹奇事,实乃人生一大快事。我等将同游星汉,共探这“九月玉米满月”与月全食交相辉映之奇景。
金姐
好了,咱们言归正传。老王,你听好了,这个周末,天空将上演一场大戏。九月的满月,也就是所谓的“玉米满月”,将与月全食完美邂逅,变成一颗深红色的“血月”。
李白
哦?血月?此名颇有玄机。想我当年,“月色入戸,欣然起行”,见的是皎皎清辉。这血色之月,莫非是广寒宫的霓裳羽衣,染上了胭脂霞光?听起来倒是别有一番风味。
金姐
哎哟喂,你可真会想。简单说,就是太阳、地球、月亮排排坐,地球正好挡在中间,把月亮给遮住了。月亮完全进入地球的影子后,就不是全黑,而是会变成红色。完美!
李白
原来如此,“天若有情天亦老,月如无恨月长圆”。此番月亮暂别清辉,换上红妆,想必是地球母亲为她披上的红色面纱。那么,这番奇景,何处可观?我已备好酒樽,欲寻高楼以待。
金姐
你先别急着找地方,这次的“血月”大秀,主要观众在欧洲、非洲、亚洲和澳大利亚。很遗憾,北美大陆的我们这次不是最佳观赏区。所以说,这景色虽美,却也得看缘分。
李白
唉,此乃憾事!“青天有月来几时,我今停杯一问之”。竟不能亲睹此番天地玄奇,只能遥想玉盘化作红轮之态。也罢,虽目不能及,然心向往之,亦不失为一桩雅事。
金姐
心态不错!不过也别太失望。看不到月全食,满月还是能看到的。毕竟是“玉米满月”嘛,正是玉米丰收的季节。这个周末到下周一,月亮都会又大又圆,只要找个灯光暗的地方,抬头就能欣赏。
李白
善哉!“举杯邀明月,对影成三人”。即便不见其红妆,能与这轮满月对饮,亦是幸事。这玉米满月之名,想必是来自田间稼穑,充满了丰收的喜悦,倒也朴实可爱。
金姐
没错。根据《老农夫年鉴》的说法,这个名字就是因为九月是收获玉米的季节。而且我告诉你,观测月食和看日食不一样,你不需要任何专业设备,什么特殊眼镜,完全用不着!肉眼看就非常安全。
李白
哦?竟如此随和?不似日食那般“光焰万丈长”,令人不敢直视。这月食倒像是位温婉的大家闺秀,任人随时随地亲近。若能辅以望远镜,岂不更能窥其“犹抱琵琶半遮面”的娇羞之态?
金姐
完全正确!有双筒望远镜或者天文望远镜,当然能把细节看得更清楚。NASA的专家都说了,月食的美妙之处就在于它的过程是渐进的、从容的,不像日食那样稍纵即逝,你可以非常放松地欣赏。
金姐
说起来,李白,你那个年代,人们看到月食,肯定不像我们现在这样,又是观测指南又是科学解释的吧?那时候的人们,是不是都觉得天要塌下来了?充满了各种神秘的想象。
李白
然也。吾辈观天象,常与国运、人事相连。“天狗食月”,乃不祥之兆。每逢此刻,宫廷之内,必鸣鼓驱邪,百姓之家,亦敲盆击锣,以助月亮脱困。此乃敬畏天地,而非今日之科学探究。
金姐
哎哟喂,还真是这样。敲锣打鼓把天狗吓跑,这想法太有画面感了。不过说真的,我们现在能提前预测月食,甚至能精确到分钟,还得感谢一代代天文学家的努力。这背后可是几千年的数据积累。
李白
不错。想我大唐,亦有太史局,专司观测天象,记录星辰轨迹。虽无今日之精密仪器,然凭肉眼与圭表,亦能推算四时更迭,制定历法。每一笔记录,皆是先人对宇宙的叩问。
金姐
你说的没错。现代天文学家,比如NASA的弗雷德·埃斯佩纳克,就编制了《五千年月食目录》,从公元前2000年一直算到公元3000年。五千年的月食,一次不落,全在里面,简直是天文界的“史记”。
李白
五千年!“人生代代无穷已,江月年年望相似”。这短短五千年,于月亮而言,不过是眨眼瞬间。而人类竟能将其间的阴晴圆缺尽数载入典籍,此等雄心与智慧,令人叹服。真乃“前不见古人,后不见来者”之壮举。
金姐
是吧?这目录里不仅有日期,还有月食的类型、持续时间、可见区域的地图,应有尽有。你想想,我们不仅知道2014年4月15日有过一次月全食,还能查到公元前1999年的某次月食是什么样的。完美!
李白
此等巨著,若在当年,必为皇家秘藏,非帝王师不能窥也。如今竟能公之于众,人人可查。可见科技昌明,不仅拉近了人与星辰的距离,也打破了知识的壁垒。善哉,善哉。
金姐
而且,现在还有各种计算工具,你只要输入城市名字,过去几百年、未来几百年的月食可见情况,立刻就能查到。这在古代,简直是不可想象的。根本不用费劲去“登高望远”。
李白
此言极是。我若有此神器,便可安坐酒肆之中,尽知天下月色之变。不必再“攀明月,不可得”,而是“明月几时有,抬手问终端”。科技之伟力,竟能将“天涯”化作“咫尺”。
金姐
不过话说回来,这些名字,比如“玉米满月”、“草莓满月”之类的,据说很多都起源于美洲原住民的传统。他们根据每个月的物候特征给满月命名,用来指导农耕和生活。这种智慧,是不是和你们的二十四节气有点异曲同工?
李白
确有相通之处。“春雨惊春清谷天,夏满芒夏暑相连”。我们的二十四节气,亦是先人观察天地自然,总结出的农时规律。无论是东方的节气,还是西方的满月之名,皆体现了人与自然的和谐共生,是“天人合一”思想的体现。
金姐
说得太对了。虽然观测的工具和解释世界的方式变了,但人类仰望星空、探索自然规律的好奇心,从古至今,看来是没怎么变过。从你的“举杯邀明月”,到我们今天的“探月工程”,一脉相承啊。
金姐
哎,李白,刚刚我们说到古代人看到月食会敲锣打鼓,你们那个时候关于月食,是不是还有很多神话传说?比如那个最有名的“天狗食月”,到底是怎么回事,你给我们讲讲?
李白
哈,此乃上古流传之神话。相传,有一巨兽名曰“天狗”,其性贪婪,见月色皎洁如银盘,便心生觊觎,欲将其吞入腹中。故而月亮时有圆缺,皆因此兽作祟。此乃先民对天地异象的奇诡想象。
金姐
哎哟喂,这个故事我从小就听。不过,还有一个说法,是说古代中国认为月亮是一面巨大的镜子,而有一条龙想要偷走这面镜子,所以才引发了月食。这个版本你听过吗?
李白
龙窃月镜?此说倒也新奇。龙,乃祥瑞之兽,司掌风雨,为何要行此窃取之事?想来或是民间演绎,将天狗之凶恶,换作了神龙之贪玩。不过,无论是犬是龙,皆是“只在此山中,云深不知处”的想象。
金姐
管它是狗还是龙呢,反正都挺有想象力的。但是,老王你可得听清楚了,这都是神话。我们现在得用科学的眼光来看问题。月亮变红,可不是什么发怒或者被吃了,那是有科学道理的。
李白
愿闻其详。科学之解释,虽少了些许浪漫,却多了几分严谨。正如格物致知,穷究其理,亦是探索天地大道的一种法门。这血月之红,究竟源自何处?还请金姐解惑。
金姐
很简单,就是地球的大气层像一个巨大的滤镜。当地球挡在太阳和月亮中间时,太阳光不能直接照到月亮上。但有一部分光会擦着地球的边儿过去,穿过我们的大气层。
李白
我好似有些明白了。正如“一道残阳铺水中,半江瑟瑟半江红”。夕阳之所以为红色,也是光线穿过厚厚的大气所致。这月亮之红,莫非与夕阳之红,是同一般道理?
金姐
完全正确!你真是“一点就透”。大气层会把蓝光、绿光这些波长短的光都散射掉,就像筛子一样,只留下波长最长的红光和橙光。这些红光再被折射到月球表面,所以我们就看到了一个红色的月亮。完美!
李白
妙哉!原来这红月,竟是地球上所有日出日落的霞光,尽数洒在了月亮身上。如此想来,这非但不是不祥之兆,反而是集人间最绚烂光华于一身的极致浪漫。这比天狗食月的故事,更添诗意。
金姐
是吧?所以说,科学的解释有时候比神话更浪漫。它揭示的是宇宙运行的规律和秩序之美。神话源于未知和恐惧,而科学则源于好奇和探索。这是两种完全不同的看待世界的方式。
金姐
其实,不管是神话还是科学,像月食这种壮观的天象,从古至今都对人类社会有巨大的影响。在古代,这影响里,恐惧占了很大一部分吧?毕竟是“天降异象”。
李白
确实如此。古人视天象为上天之警示。“日食修德,月食修刑”。月食出现,常被解读为阴阳失衡,是帝王失德或将有灾祸的预兆。因此,上至君王,下至百官,无不战战兢兢,反省己过。
金姐
哎哟喂,这么严重?看来古代的皇帝不好当啊,连月亮被挡一下都得算自己头上。不过我听说,有人还利用了人们对月食的恐惧。哥伦布就干过这事儿,是吧?拿月食当武器。
李白
确有此事。据载,哥伦布曾利用其对月食的精准预测,在美洲大陆震慑土著,声称其神息怒,将月亮之光收回。土著见月亮果真变为血色,大惊失色,遂听命于他。此乃利用知识之不对等,行威吓之实。
金姐
看吧,知识就是力量,有时候还能是权力。不过到了现代,月食的影响就完全不同了。它不再是恐惧的来源,反而成了一场全球性的天文爱好者的狂欢。这转变可太大了。
李白
此言不虚。昔日“不敢高声语,恐惊天上人”,今日却是“欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”。人们不再畏惧天象,反而主动亲近、观测、研究。这标志着人类认知之飞跃,亦是理性精神之胜利。
金姐
没错。你看,每次有月食或者日食,新闻媒体都会铺天盖地地报道。社交媒体上,大家都在分享自己拍的照片。这次的血月,据说全球有超过62亿人可以看到,这本身就是一件促进全球交流的大事件。
李白
“天涯共此时”。无论身处何方,肤色如何,言语是否相通,皆在同一片星空下,共赏一轮红月。此情此景,超越了国界与纷争,让人们暂时忘却尘世烦恼,共同感受宇宙之浩瀚与壮美。
金姐
说得好!而且,这样的天象也是最好的“科普现场”。它能点燃很多人,特别是孩子们对天文学和自然科学的兴趣。今天看月食的小孩,明天可能就成了探索火星的科学家。这种影响是长远的。
李白
善哉。埋下一颗探索星辰的种子,日后或能长成参天大树。“少年智则国智”,能引导少年们仰望星空,而非只顾埋头于方寸之间,此乃功在千秋之事。那么,错过了此次红月,下一次又当何时?
金姐
别急,老王,你也听好了。虽然这次北美看不到,但用不了多久我们就能看到了。下一次月全食,也就是“血月”,将在2026年3月3日发生,届时北美和南美的部分地区都能看到。到时候可别错过了。
李白
2026年,屈指可待。届时,我必将寻一处绝佳之地,“把酒问青天”,亲眼见证这“月轮穿地影,天箭落金波”的奇观。不知那时,又会是何等心境,何等光景。
金姐
除了月食,未来几个月天空也很热闹。比如10月和11月,有好几场流星雨,像猎户座流星雨、狮子座流星雨。虽然不像月食那么震撼,但对着流星许个愿,也是一种浪漫嘛。完美!
金姐
好了,今天的讨论差不多就到这里了。从玉米满月到血月奇观,从古代神话到现代科学,我们聊了不少。希望这些信息能让你对今晚的月亮,有一次全新的认识。
李白
“江畔何人初见月,江月何年初照人”。月亮亘古不变,而我们对它的认知却在不断演进。感谢各位听友,感谢老王,愿你能于清辉或红晕之中,觅得一份宁静与喜悦。感谢收听 Goose Pod,我们明天再会。

## September's Full Corn Moon and Total Lunar Eclipse: A Celestial Spectacle This news report from **CNN**, authored by **Taylor Nicioli**, details a significant celestial event occurring this weekend: a **total lunar eclipse** coinciding with the **September full moon**, also known as the **corn moon**. The report was published on **September 6, 2025**. ### Key Celestial Events and Visibility: * **Total Lunar Eclipse:** This event will be visible to sky-gazers in **Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia**. * The eclipse will begin at **11:28 a.m. ET** and conclude at **4:55 p.m. ET**. * **Totality**, the period when the moon is completely covered by Earth's shadow, will commence at **1:30 p.m. ET** and last for approximately **1 hour and 23 minutes**. * **Note:** The eclipse will **not be visible** to those in the Eastern time zone during its entirety. * **September Full Moon (Corn Moon):** This full moon, nicknamed the "corn moon" due to its alignment with the corn harvesting season, will peak around the same time as the lunar eclipse. * Full moons appear round to the naked eye for a day before and after their peak, meaning the full moon can be observed throughout the weekend and into Monday. * **Visibility for North and South America:** While these regions will not see the lunar eclipse, they will have the opportunity to observe a bright full moon. ### Understanding the "Blood Moon" Phenomenon: The report explains that during a total lunar eclipse, the moon can appear to take on a deep reddish hue, commonly referred to as a "blood moon." This occurs when: 1. The sun, moon, and Earth align, casting the moon into Earth's shadow. 2. Some sunlight is able to bend around the edges of Earth. 3. Blue light from the sun is scattered by air molecules in Earth's atmosphere. 4. The remaining wavelengths of light (red and orange) reflect off the moon, causing it to glow red. Occasionally, a **blue and purple band of light** may appear on the moon directly before and after totality. This is caused by sunlight passing through Earth's ozone layer. ### Viewing Recommendations: Experts offer the following advice for optimal viewing: * **Location:** Find a spot **away from bright lights** to enhance visibility. * **Equipment:** * No special equipment is required; the eclipse can be seen with the **naked eye**. * Binoculars or a telescope can **enhance the viewing experience**. * **Crucially, unlike solar eclipses, special eclipse glasses are NOT needed for lunar eclipses.** ### Broader Astronomical Context: * **Frequency of Lunar Eclipses:** Full moons occur every 29 days, but total lunar eclipses are less frequent, happening approximately **twice a year** when the necessary alignment occurs. * **Next Total Lunar Eclipse:** For those in North and South America who will miss this event, the next total lunar eclipse is scheduled for **March 3** and will be visible in parts of their respective continents. * **The Moon's History:** The report highlights the moon's ancient origins, noting that its craters are evidence of its history spanning over **4.5 billion years**. * **Upcoming Full Moons:** The next three full moons are predicted to be **supermoons**, appearing larger and brighter due to their proximity to Earth. * October 6: Harvest moon * November 5: Beaver moon * December 4: Cold moon * **Partial Solar Eclipse:** Two weeks after the total lunar eclipse, on **September 21**, a partial solar eclipse will be visible in parts of **Australia, the Atlantic, the Pacific, and Antarctica**. * **Meteor Showers:** Several meteor showers are anticipated in the coming months, with peak dates for 2025 including: * Draconids: October 8-9 * Orionids: October 22-23 * Southern Taurids: November 3-4 * Northern Taurids: November 8-9 * Leonids: November 16-17 * Geminids: December 13-14 * Ursids: December 21-22 The report emphasizes the relaxed and accessible nature of viewing a lunar eclipse compared to a solar eclipse, making it a "truly incredible sight" for a wide audience.

September’s full corn moon coincides with a total lunar eclipse. Here’s what to know | CNN

Read original at CNN

Many sky-gazers around the world will get the chance to see a dazzling celestial display this weekend — a total lunar eclipse that could cause the moon to take on a deep reddish hue. The lunar eclipse will be visible Sunday for those in Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia, according to NASA. As the sun, moon and Earth line up in their orbits, the moon will be cast into a crescent-shaped shadow before being fully blocked from the sun by Earth.

At that point, some light from the sun will make it around the edges of Earth. Blue light will be scattered by air molecules while the remaining wavelengths will reflect off the moon making it appear to glow red — what is known as a blood moon. The event will start at 11:28 a.m. ET and end at 4:55 p.

m. ET (though the eclipse will not be visible to those in the Eastern time zone). Totality — when the moon is completely covered by Earth’s shadow — will start at 1:30 p.m. ET and last for about an hour and 23 minutes, according to EarthSky. “The beauty of a lunar eclipse is that it’s gradual. For folks that have seen solar eclipses, they happen fairly rapidly.

The lunar eclipse is a far more relaxed environment,” said Noah Petro, chief of NASA’s Planetary Geology, Geophysics and Geochemistry Lab at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. “You don’t have to be in a specific spot (to see it), but you have to be in the right hemisphere.” For those in North and South America who will not be able to view the eclipse, there will still be opportunities to observe a bright full moon this weekend, otherwise known as the corn moon.

Here’s what experts recommend for best viewing of the full moon and the total lunar eclipse. September’s full moon — nicknamed the corn moon as it aligns with the season for harvesting corn, according to the The Old Farmer’s Almanac — will peak around the same time as the lunar eclipse. But full moons appear round to the naked eye one day before and after their peak, so sky-gazers can observe the full moon all weekend and into Monday, Petro said.

For best viewing of the full moon and the total lunar eclipse, Petro recommends going outside and finding a spot away from bright lights, as they could hinder visibility of the natural satellite as it goes through all stages of the eclipse. “A lunar eclipse is a truly incredible sight, and something you can see without any special equipment — you do not need a telescope or even the special eclipse glasses that you need for a solar eclipse,” Sara Russell, research scientist and head of the Planetary Materials Group at London’s Natural History Museum, said in an email.

But having binoculars or a telescope available could add to the viewing experience, Russell noted. The moon turns red once it is completely blocked by Earth’s shadow, illuminated by red-orange light from the sunsets and sunrises on the Earth, Petro said. Occasionally, directly before and following totality, the moon can appear to have a blue and purple band of light upon it.

This phenomenon is caused by sunlight passing through the Earth’s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere, Russell said. While full moons occur every 29 days, lunar eclipses typically only happen about twice a year when the sun, moon and Earth align. For those who may be feeling left out, the next total lunar eclipse is set to take place on March 3 and will be visible in parts of North and South America, Petro said.

“I’m always happy to see the full Moon, whether there is an eclipse or not,” Russell said. “The Moon formed in the very earliest times of the Earth’s history, and the Earth and Moon have been through a lot together. You can see the evidence of that with the naked eye, looking up to see all the craters on the Moon that have been formed over 4.

5 billion years of history.” The next three full moons will be supermoons — full moons that occur when the moon is closest to Earth in its orbit, making it appear larger and brighter than regular full moons. Here’s the list of full moons remaining in 2025, according to the Farmers’ Almanac: October 6: Harvest moon November 5: Beaver moon December 4: Cold moon Two weeks after the total lunar eclipse, on September 21, a partial solar eclipse will be visible in parts of Australia, the Atlantic, the Pacific and Antarctica.

This occurs when the moon moves between the sun and Earth, blocking part of the sun’s light from view. There are also opportunities to observe other solar system activity, including several meteor showers that will grace the night sky in the following months. Here are the peak dates of meteor showers anticipated in 2025, according to the American Meteor Society and EarthSky.

Draconids: October 8-9 Orionids: October 22-23 Southern Taurids: November 3-4 Northern Taurids: November 8-9 Leonids: November 16-17 Geminids: December 13-14 Ursids: December 21-22 Taylor Nicioli is a freelance journalist based in New York.

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